European countries by the size of public pensions per retiree as of 2022. Western European leading nations like Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway and Ireland spend between 3% and 6.8% of GDP on pensions, less than the 9.3% EU average. Ireland has a high nominal pension but spends just… pic.twitter.com/s3EWAZO1wd

— RankingRoyals (@RankingRoyals) November 15, 2025